What is the color range of eumelanin?

• A. Light yellow to blonde
• B. Dark brown to black
• C. Red to orange
• D. Pale pink to white

Answer: (B)

Eumelanin is a type of melanin pigment that primarily determines the color of hair, skin, and eyes. It is known for its color range that spans from dark brown to black. This pigment is responsible for providing protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, as it absorbs sunlight and thus helps mitigate damage to skin cells.

The presence of eumelanin in higher quantities leads to darker shades, which is why individuals with darker hair or skin tones typically have more eumelanin. Its ability to provide protective benefits also plays a crucial role in natural selection, influencing the distribution of skin tones in various populations based on geographic UV exposure.

The other options describe different types of pigments or colors that do not apply to eumelanin, underscoring its distinctive role in pigmentation. For instance, light yellow to blonde is more representative of pheomelanin, another form of melanin that imparts lighter shades. Red to orange and pale pink to white would refer to pigmentation variations or conditions unrelated to eumelanin. Thus, the correct answer identifies the specific and scientifically recognized color range of eumelanin.